Reactions of Monosaccharides | 24.2 Organic Chemistry

Chad provides a comprehensive lesson on the reactions of monosaccharides. This includes ester formation, ether formation, glycoside formation, as well as epimerization and isomerization. A number of oxidation and reduction reactions of monosaccharides are also covered including reduction with sodium borohydride, oxidation with aqueous bromine, oxidation with Tollen’s reagent and/or Benedict’s reagent, and oxidation with nitric acid. Reducing sugars are also defined in this context, and Chad describes how to identify both reducing sugars and nonreducing sugars. Finally, Chad covers the Kiliani-Fischer Synthesis which lengthens the carbon chain of an aldose by one carbon and the Wohl Degradation which reduces the carbon chain of an aldose by one carbon.

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00:00 Lesson Introduction
00:24 Ester Formation
02:07 Ether Formation
03:05 Glycoside Formation
05:55 Epimerization and Isomerization
08:30 Reduction with NaBH4
10:25 Oxidation with Aqueous Bromine
12:24 Oxidation with Tollen’s Reagent and Benedict’s Reagent
15:36 Reducing and Nonreducing Sugars
19:59 Oxidation with HNO3
21:17 Kiliani-Fischer Synthesis
24:18 Wohl Degradation

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