Metabolism | Fatty Acid Oxidation: Part 1

📚 Premium Notes & Illustrations for Fatty Acid Oxidation Part 1: https://www.ninjanerd.org/lecture/fatty-acid-oxidation-part-1-2

Ninja Nerds!
In Part 1 of our two-part series on Fatty Acid Oxidation, Professor Zach Murphy guides you through the essential early steps that prepare fatty acids for energy production through mitochondrial β-oxidation. This lecture focuses on fatty acids’ transport, activation, and mitochondrial entry, setting the stage for their breakdown into usable energy.

We begin by discussing how fatty acids are mobilized from adipose tissue and carried through the bloodstream bound to albumin. Once inside cells, fatty acids are activated into fatty acyl-CoA by acyl-CoA synthetase in the cytoplasm. From there, we explain the critical carnitine shuttle system—including CPT-1, translocase, and CPT-2—that allows long-chain fatty acids to enter the mitochondrial matrix for oxidation.

The lecture also introduces the four repeating steps of β-oxidation:
1. Oxidation by acyl-CoA dehydrogenase
2. Hydration by enoyl-CoA hydratase
3. Oxidation by hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase
4. Thiolytic cleavage by β-ketothiolase

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