The Enlightenment [AP World History Review] Unit 5, Topic 1

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In this video Heimler walks you through what you need to know about the Enlightenment for Unit 5 of AP World History (Topic 1).

The Enlightenment was something of a revolution of thought that emphasized reason and natural laws as the arbiters of truth. Francis Bacon gave us empiricism which was the notion that we arrive at a true notion of reality through sense perception and scientific experimentation. This was a challenge to established religions like Christianity which maintains that humans know truth by revelation. So Deism grew as the Enlightenment religious belief of choice.

When such thinking was applied to politics it created the necessary conditions for revolution. John Locke argued for natural rights and the social contract. This in turn inspired abolitionist movements and the fight for women’s rights.

Additionally, Adam Smith filtered Enlightenment thought through economics and gave us laissez-faire economics which was his replacement for mercantilist economies. Capitalism laid the groundwork for the explosion of the Industrial Revolution.

If you have any questions, leave them below and Heimler will answer them forthwithly.