Neurology | Basal Ganglia Anatomy & Function | Direct & Indirect Pathways

📚 Premium Notes & Illustrations for Basal Ganglia Anatomy & Pathways: https://www.ninjanerd.org/lecture/basal-ganglia-anatomy-function-direct-indirect-pathways

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In this lecture, Professor Zach Murphy explains the anatomy and function of the basal ganglia and explores its critical role in coordinating movement. We identify the major structures, including the caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus (internal and external segments), subthalamic nucleus, and substantia nigra, while reviewing their connections within the motor circuit.

We then examine the direct and indirect pathways, highlighting how they facilitate and inhibit movement through excitatory and inhibitory signaling. Key neurotransmitters such as dopamine, GABA, and glutamate are discussed in the context of their influence on these pathways. Clinical correlations are integrated throughout, including movement disorders such as Parkinson’s and Huntington’s disease, helping connect structure and function to pathology.

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