Why Time Flows Forward

Can we ever turn back the clock? On Earth, Time is rigid and immovable, but in space, it’s practically the opposite. Out in the cosmos, time is another dimension alongside the three of space- but unlike in 3D space, there is only one way we seem to be able to move through time. The cause of this directionality, and so-called “Arrow of Time” through the cosmos, makes up the topic of our video today- the second part in a double header on the mysterious workings of Time.

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SOUNDTRACK:

The first and last tracks in this video were composed by Semiquaver, an ambient soundscape music artist. He and I will be working on an original piece specially for the soundtrack to my final video of the year, so go and check him out before then:@semiquaver16th

The other tracks were composed by CO.AG Music, my go-to-guy for such high quality pieces: @co.agmusic

“Why Me?” – Semiquaver: https://youtu.be/kfp-Qm99BTY?si=ZOUiOTxLgpkHgWhd
“Space is as Clear as Dreaming” – CO.AG Music: https://youtu.be/FQ42GG9ReC4?si=ceWagFlaEY3qOiuH
“You Can Escape Everything in This Life Except Yourself” – CO.AG Music: https://youtu.be/O58i-jHGYVs?si=mSBKH-WITwGaLV1z
“Old Tape Haunting Soundscape” – CO.AG Music: https://youtu.be/LT_APDKFEjU?si=M7h8OTIyC5QtV0Px
“I Will Awaken When the Sun Sleeps” – CO.AG Music: https://youtu.be/IshEmQXBi7g?si=mzCVDnGXV28K0Tzp

FOOTAGE:
The space scenes in this video were captured using SpaceEngine Pro, a virtual universe simulator: http://spaceengine.org/

Stock footage, some graphic sequences and some music tracks were provided by Storyblocks.com: https://www.storyblocks.com

SOURCES OF INFORMATION:

Einstein, A. (1905) “On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies” (1905) – https://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/specrel/specrel.pdf

NASA (2015) “100 Years of General Relativity” – https://asd.gsfc.nasa.gov/blueshift/index.php/2015/11/25/100-years-of-general-relativity/

Britannica, “Time Dilation” [Accessed October 2025] – https://www.britannica.com/science/time-dilation

Thorne, K.S. (2023) “Is Backwards Time Travel Compatible With Quantum Physics?”- https://youtu.be/Rcka3-9faUo?si=7FyHGnaN8dR6GE8B

Clausius, R. (1865) “On a Modified Form of the Second Fundamental Theorem in the Mechanical Theory of Heat” – https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/20044#page/100/mode/1up

BBC Future (2022) “Why Does Time Go Forwards Not Backwards?”- https://www.bbc.co.uk/future/article/20221003-why-does-time-go-forwards-not-backwards

CHAPTERS
0:00 Welcome Back…
1:56 The Fourth Dimension
6:28 Time Dilation
11:15 Forward Time Travel
12:42 General Relativity
15:00 Backwards Time Travel
18:38 The Second Law
21:49 Reverse Entropy
23:48 Out of Time

Time, Spacetime, Fourth Dimension, 4D
Time on Earth, Atomic Clocks, International Space Station, ISS
Albert Einstein, Special Relativity, General Relativity, Gravity, Curvature
Photons, Speed of Light, Spacetime Interval, Time Dilation, Time Travel
Backwards Time Travel, Wormholes, Reverse Time
The Arrow of Time, Second Law of Thermodynamics, Entropy, Heat Death, Big Freeze

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